Summary about Teaching Profession and Teaching Elements

Name                                    : Nur Hazni

NIM                                          : 1988203039

Semester . Class       : 3 . 2

Courses                             : Model dan Pendekatan Pemnbelajaran

Lecturer                            : Dr. Herlinawati, M.Ed

Study Program            : English Language Education Department

Faculty                                 : Faculty of Teacher Training and Education

 

 

Teaching Profession

A.           What Learning and Teaching Should Be

In the current era, the curriculum has shifted from being previously teacher-centered to being student-centered. In this day and age, teachers, students, and even parents only care about high grades, they don't care about the concept of a subject, they don't even understand the material itself.

The conflict between teachers and students actually occurred because of the lack of respect between the two. Teachers are people we should respect. Teachers are indispensable for children to develop an intellectual way of thinking, a philosophical way of reflecting on themselves. What teachers know and believe is passed on to the next generation. Teachers teach their students with pleasure, and it is appropriate for students to listen to their teacher's advice.

Learning goals for many people are no longer as holistic as they used to be. In fact, education is the transfer of knowledge, without the transfer of morals, so that many people are clever but have no good character. Teaching should not only produce students who achieve ideal values. Learning shouldn't be just about securing a good future. As a student, make an extra effort, respect what your teacher has to say and learn as much as you can and as best you can; then worldly gains like money will come when you find opportunities.

If students do not respect and accept wholeheartedly the knowledge given to them, they may not grow. Also if we as teachers do not respect and give wholeheartedly the knowledge that we have, then students and ourselves will not develop.

Students will grow as their teachers push themselves to become better at teaching them, and teachers will grow as their students strive to actually apply what they learn.

 

B.           Breaking down the Profession of Teaching

In modern times like today, children can know what they want to know, because they already have the internet, books, and they can also learn all kinds of subjects, languages, skills and certain professions themselves if they want. However, despite this progress, they still need the role of a teacher to focus, monitor, and assess how they are progressing as a student.

Demands to become a teacher:

         1. Understand what is being taught.

         2. Able to find ways to implement teaching materials to make them relevant in everyday life.

         3. Able to follow the latest technology trends.

        4. Have a good attitude and behavior, because it will be an example for students (such as coming and going home on time).

      5. Be able to develop ways of differentiating instruction to challenge all students without frustrating them while still ensuring that everyone meets learning objectives.

     6. Creating comfort in class management, procedures, and expectations (such as arranging seating, classroom decoration, teacher and student contracts, etc.).

          7. Monitor students as they work independently.

    8. Formulate questions that require high and low level responses so that every student has the opportunity to participate in the discussion; also by giving them appropriate waiting times and rearranging questions if necessary.

      9. Create data to self-assess whether new content was taught successfully or not, or if changes are needed.

         10. Record and grade each student's paper in a timely manner.

         11. Follow required professional development.

         12. Prepare a backup plan

         13. Establish healthy working relationships with co-workers.

      14. Always notify parents of students of their progress regularly (via telephone, email, or face-to-face conversation).

        15. Plan with grade and / or content level teachers to define themes, objectives, and general activities.

        16. Sponsor a class activity or club that organizes and oversees all activities.

        17. Watch for fundraising opportunities for the classroom.

        18. Organize and schedule a class field trip for some time.

        19. Take extracurricular activities as an additional class.

    20. Sit on committees to review and oversee important aspects of the school (such as budget, new teacher recruitment, school safety, student health, and curriculum).

         21. Have a sense of empathy for each student.

        22. Monitor the health and safety of all students.

      23. Perform individual services (such as counseling, special education, speech-language, occupational therapy, etc.).

        24. Be a loyal listener to students, make them comfortable, and provide the best advice and advice that can help guide them to the right decision.

        25. Help students identify their individual strengths and weaknesses. Then help them to set goals and lead them on the path to achieving those goals.

         26. Be professional and not rude with students.

        27. Take a break from lessons, and take advantage of teachable moments to teach valuable life lessons that can continue throughout their lives.

        28. Work harder for students by offering tutoring or additional help for students who may be struggling.

 

C.           The Challenges of Teaching

1.    Teaching is not glamorous, and a job salary will never make you rich.

2.    Lack of student respect for teachers (Remember: you don't need every student to like you, don't let them take advantage of that "need." Demand them and pay respect).

3.    Some schools are underfunded.

4.    Classrooms that are too crowded are troublesome because everyone has different personalities, interests, abilities, and needs.

5.    If having trouble memorizing the names of all the students, try to be actively involved with them, build a genuine relationship and tell them privately that if they have problems with learning they can come for advice.

6.    Don't forget absences, grade level reporting, and discipline referrals for each day.

7.    Arrive early to grade assignments and prepare for the next lesson.

8.    Always do evaluation, no matter what the circumstances.

9.    Teachers are judged based on their class test scores, and not their actual teaching performance. If your students get good grades, you're great.

10. Education can be too political.

11. New teachers may be intimidated by “veteran” teachers, and some “veteran” teachers may even be cold to collaborating or providing support such as lesson plans and ideas.

12. Because there are different ways of communication for young people, and have their own terms and slang; be prepared to feel old and try not to get too offended if they text you or social media comments that are too casual. Scold and remind them first.

13. Some students can be very inappropriate, such as asking about topics such as relationships, sex, pregnancy, drugs, family gossip, and even giving film spoilers.

 

D.           The Rewards of Teaching

1.         Become a contributing member of society.

2.         Be surrounded by some of the most caring and dedicated people in the world.

3.         Can share the same experiences with each other.

4.         Will get support from unexpected people.

5.         Students will give some of the funniest statements and the laughter that is created in class will be one of the most memorable experiences.

6.         Many students may claim that the lessons are boring, but for you teaching will never be boring.

7.         Your students will learn many things.

8.         You will also learn many things.

9.         Could be a legitimate bookworm.

10.     Teaching gives you the opportunity to collaborate with all kinds of people (students, parents, students, community members, members of organizations, orphans, professors, professionals, etc.).

11.     Teaching rarely makes you rich, but you can pay your bills.

12.     Encourage building skills and innovating new ways of teaching.

13.     Teachers are an important part of our society so this work will always be there.

14.     The best reward most teachers agree on is when they find students who really like learning.

15.     Feel happy when your former students send thank-you cards or photos of people who have become famous for your role in their life.

 

E.           What Makes a Good Teacher?

As learners, it should reflect what your teacher gives you. Teachers are imperfect, will make mistakes, and sometimes make bad judgments.

And in the same vein, your students are human too. They will make mistakes. They will test your patience as they try to make sense of the world around them.

What makes you a good teacher is your respect for the struggles of your students. Never underestimate them. As a teacher, your words and actions are very powerful. You have the power to change, but also the power to destroy. Be professional by choosing your words carefully.

Every child is different and these differences should be embraced. If all the kids were the same, this job would be boring. Therefore:

    1. Do not yell or call students in front of their peers. Advise the student who made the mistake privately. The key is to talk to them, not make them feel sad.

     2. Don't claim that students "could never do that." Encourage your students, don't discourage them, even if their dreams sound sublime or impossible.

     3. Don't accuse students of "just being lazy." When students are repeatedly told that they are lazy, it becomes a part of them.

     4. Don't tell them, "That's a stupid question!". Always address their curiosity appropriately. Students should feel comfortable and encouraged to ask questions. If you refuse, you will discourage the whole class and end up with the class that is silent when you ask a question.

   5. Don't dismissively say, "I discussed it. You should have listened." Every student understands differently and your job is to make sure everyone understands.

     6. Never say "I don't care if my students don't like me". You can achieve even better if students like you genuinely.

     7. Don't gossip about other teachers with other parents, students, or teachers, as this will only create disagreement and make it harder to work, teach, and study.

     8. Don't be easily complacent about what you have, because satisfaction will ruin your career as a teacher.

 

 

Other things that a professional teacher shouldn't do are :

    1. Fear of apologizing or admitting when you made a mistake.

    2. Treat students differently based on personal interests.

    3. Ignoring students.

    4. Making unfair rules.

    5. Abuse your authority.

    6. Have a negative attitude consistently.

    7. Never give control to your students.

    8. Being hypocritical.

    9. Using obscene words (expletive / swear words).

 10. Breaking student private space.

 11. Provides threats of retaliation or is counterproductive.

 12. Keep things against students that are beyond his control, such as revenge on his mother or father who is an alumni and has been a bad student or such reasons.

 

Here are some things a great teacher should do :

        1. Be positive. In fact, be funny.

        2. Be consistent. Students should know what your expectations are every day.

        3. Be fair. Treat everyone equally.

       4. Give control to students. Give them a choice.

        5. Be flexible, otherwise you and your students will continue to fail because of your reluctance to adapt.

       6. As a new teacher, you may want to be friendly and indecisive, but the teacher must assert authority so that the class will run smoothly throughout the semester.

       7. Know your resources. Where is the list of regulations for schools, libraries, offices for sending injured children? Get this information beforehand.

        8. Be specific. You need to provide clear instructions.

        9. Watch how children learn, react and interact in different ways.

    10. Motivate students personally.

 

F.           The Status Quo of Teachers in Indonesia

The proportion of school levels in Indonesia is very uneven. There are too many primary schools and too few secondary and high schools, so it cannot be denied that in Indonesia the very large number of children only stops at the primary level, which causes an increase in the number of youth unemployed.

Indonesia has been aware of some of the issues related to this since 2000 and has implemented major policy reforms to improve education such as:

  1. The constitutional mandate to spend 20% of the national budget on education. However, since the national budget is 15% of GDP, Indonesia's spending on education is only 3% of GDP, one of the lowest in the region. Upgrading is necessary because if you think education is expensive, you should try the cost of ignorance.

   2. Decentralization of education sector functions to district and school levels.

   3. The Teacher Law, 2005.

 4. Increasing resources to schools with the School Operational Assistance (BOS) program.

   5. Support for parents to enroll their children in school through the Smart Indonesia Program (Indonesia Smart Program, or PIP).

 

G.           To Teach or Not To Teach?

The internet, books, all those resources are just tools that hold knowledge for children to reach. But they don't yet know how to reach it or how best to catch it. It's frustrating to see students who have extraordinary potential but don't want to work hard to maximize that potential. The journey is tough, but it doesn't have to be always fun. Education is no longer as monotonous as it used to be when primary education became compulsory worldwide around 1775, but it still has challenges from many different factors because while your position is 'teacher'. You have to do more than just 'teach'. You have administrative duties, you have to manage things outside of class, and apart from teaching, you also have to study like your students. A good teacher expects his students to succeed and also expects himself to succeed.

 

 

 

Teaching Elements

 

A.           Instructional Planning

Before teaching, teachers must organize their lesson plans taking into account the curriculum, school resources, student motivation, student abilities and other variables that will influence all instructional decisions that teachers have to make before they actually teach.

Today's lesson planning is based on cognitive psychology, and at its core is teacher thinking and teacher knowledge, which is how you think and what you know. These two different factors are interdependent because the way teachers think depends on what they know.

 

B.           Your Topic : Curriculum and Syllabus

The subject matter you are going to teach is usually determined by the school curriculum, which is a set of standardized learning objectives across the class. The curriculum is a course / program guide that includes the knowledge, skills, behavior and performance that will be taught to students and expected by students. In essence, the curriculum is what educational institutions offer students. It was well planned by the government and educational institutions for a long time. The teacher does not create a curriculum, but sticks to its goals.

The curriculum contains all the factors involved in an educational program, and one of them is called a syllabus, which covers what part of the topic should be taught in a subject or content area. Subject syllabus is a single curriculum that contains 7 main segments, namely instructor data, general class data, course targets, course arrangement, assessment and assessment, learning assets, and a course calendar. 

 

C.           Your Learning Objectives : Taxonomy and Task Analysis

The teacher is not directly or solely responsible for creating the school curriculum and syllabus, but you will be responsible for determining your class goals. Determining learning objectives is usually difficult because schools generally have a broad spectrum of goals and each teacher prioritizes different things.

One learning topic can have many purposes, so to facilitate its selection, teachers can use two conceptual tools, namely Taxonomy and Task Analysis.

1.   Taxonomy

This tool divides the various destination options into 3 domains:

       a). Cognitive Domain

This domain consists of goals related to acquiring knowledge, understanding, and skills, such as teacher goals.

      b). Affective Domain

The aim of this domain is to realize that schools do not exist just to make students smarter as teachers say.

       c). Psychomotor Domain

The purpose of this domain is to involve the development of coordination and physical skills. Physical activity is not limited to physical education, but can also include typing, music, home economics, arts and crafts.

 

2.   Task Analysis

After you determine the learning objectives, you must know what to do so that students can achieve the learning objectives.

        Task analysis helps you break down complex skills into smaller sub-skills, which will make it easier for you to teach students. In this task analysis, the teacher must first make students understand the material, then help them how to apply it, and finally ask them to do it themselves. 

 

D.           Your Learning Activities : Lesson Plans

Lesson plans focus your efforts on specific days and classes, so they are usually personalized for each teacher. It should be specific enough to give you a solid structure and idea of ​​how you will proceed with your class, but also general enough to give you the space to be flexible and adapt to unforeseen circumstances (e.g. distraction by other teachers, unruly students , technology facilities are damaged, students take too long to complete their assignments).

 

Class Time Dimension

Dimension	Description
Instructional time	Time available for teachers to teach after classroom routine (e.g., greeting, praying, role call)
Engaged time	Time for students doing the learning activities
Academic learning time	Time for students successfully doing the learning activities

 

 

 

There are several types of assignments you can choose from for class activities:

1.    The whole class; You teach the whole class and have them all participate in the discussion.

2.    Small group; You have students to work on assignments in groups.

3.    Workshop; You ask students to perform multiple tasks simultaneously.

4.    Independent work; You ask students to complete their assignments individually.

5.    Peer learning; You ask them to cooperate and learn from each other.

6.    Contract work; both you and your students reach agreement on the types of assignments the students should do and what their deadlines are.

 

E.           Your Evaluation : Assessment

As a student, you will have to participate in quizzes, do your exercises, and submit your homework assignments. Now, as a teacher, you will prepare and create it. Although in recent years, you can even ask your students to come up with their own questions and answer them themselves so that students can fish for their own knowledge.

When giving assignments, perform instructional alignment, which is matching learning objectives, activities, and assessments. Because without this alignment, it will be difficult for you and your students to understand what is being studied.

 

You can harmonize the teaching elements by:

1.    Develop learning objectives.

2.    Identify how you will assess if students achieve the learning objectives.

3.    Design how you will teach the material so that students can achieve learning objectives.