Name : Ajeng Juri Astutik

NIM : 1988203030

Class : 3.2

Courses : Model dan Pendekatan Pemnbelajaran

Lecturer : Dr. Herlinawati, M.Ed

CHAPTER I

TEACHING PROFESSION

A. What Learning and Teaching Should Be

Teachers were highly necessary for kids to develop an intellectual way of thinking, a philosophical way of self-reflecting. What the teachers know and believe were passed down to the next generation. As such, the good deed of helping and teaching were passed down as well. Teachers taught their students with their hearts, and students listened to their teachers’ advice.

The goal of learning for many is no longer as holistic as it used to be. Instead, education is a transfer of knowledge, without the transfer of akhlak(good character), so there are many people who are smart yet not of good character.

Teaching should not be just for the sake of producing students who can reach ideal scores. Learning should not be just for the sake of securing a good future. We cannot forget that we are temporary in this world, and we have much value to pass down to the future generation than simply knowledge and skills. Go extra miles, respect what your teachers say and learn as much as you can and as best you can; worldly gains such as money will come when you find the opportunity.

We are now entering Education 4.0 (4th Industrial Revolution).As of now, the highest goal of education worldwide is the development of growth mindset, which is the way of thinking that we control our ability, so we can learn knowledge and skills by being committed to learn.

B. B. Breaking Down the Profession of Teaching

The division of labor due to social, economic and technological factors create what is known as professions or jobs. Teaching as a profession can be described as a professional occupation in the education sector based on a specialization on a certain field. Teachers do much more than just teach. The job description for the profession of teaching is lengthy and much more than most people realize. Most teachers still work after the school is over, needing to take work home because it’s often too much to do on one sitting.

Teaching is a difficult and misunderstood profession and requires a dedicated, patient, and willing person to keep up with all of the job's demands, which are:

● You gotta understand what you teach

● Able to find a way to implement the teaching material to be relevant in daily life

● Able to keep up with the newest technological trends.

● teacher the one setting a good example for your students.

● Organize your classroom in a student friendly way

● Develop ways to differentiate instruction to challenge all students without frustrating them while still ensuring that everyone meet the learning objective.

● You must decide whether or not a seating chart is appropriate.

● You must monitor students while they are working independently.

● Decide on a behavior management plan, which means “gaining mastery” over classroom management, procedures, and expectation.

● Try to formulate questions that require both higher and lower level responses so every student have the opportunity to participate in the discussion

● You must break down data from assessments to self-assess whether or not the new content is successfully taught or if it needs changes.

● You gotta grade and record every student’s papers in a timely manner.

● You’re obliged to attend in the required professional development because you’ve to learn the content and figure out how to apply it to your classroom.

● You must prepare a backup plan so you can adapt and change on the fly.

● Obviously, establish healthy working relationships with your co-workers.

● keep your kids’ parents informed of their progress on a regular basis (by calls, emails, or face-to-face conversations).

● Plan with other grade level and/or content level teachers to determine common themes, objectives, and activities.

● Oversee classroom fundraising opportunities

C. The Challenges of Teaching

The job salary will never make you rich.
Teaching isn’t glamorous, are undervalued and underappreciated by many people in our society.
There’s a general lack of respect.
Since students themselves also have general lack of respect for their own teachers, classroom management is even worse.
If the school’s student body had low achievements, the school’s income lessens, so yourclass might be overcrowded or only have outdated tech and books. If the school is understaffed too, teachers might have to take on dual roles to save school budget.
The practice of standardization means all students are treated and taught as if they are the same, when in fact some of them have high or low ability, motivation, and other factors. The best teacher evaluates and teaches each student differently, but doing so came at the price of the teacher’s time and energy.
When parents aren’t supportive of you, teaching a specific student could be more difficult. Many parents aren’t supportive, only show up to complain, and don’t actually know what’s going on with their child. There are few supportive parents who are engaged
This job gives you tons of paperwork, mostly grading which is time-consuming, monotonous, and boring.
You’d have to arrive earlier and would probably stay late to grade papers, prepare for next lessons, other paperwork.
Time is limited. You only have them for a short period of time to prepare them for the next level. So, maximize the time you have with them.
At the same time, while teaching practices are encouraged to be updated on a constant basis, society at large and local emphasizes standardized testing results. Nowadays, teachers are judged on their class’ test scores .
Education could be too political.
Some other teachers might not make it easy on you. New teachers might be intimidated with «veteran» teachers, and some «veteran» teachers might even be cold to collaborate or provide support such as lesson plans and ideas.
Some students could be very inappropriate, sharing and asking topics such as relationships, sex, pregnancies, drugs, family gossips, and even give away movie spoilers.

D. The Rewards of Teaching

v You're a contributing member of society.

v You're surrounded by some of the most caring and dedicated people in the world

v You and other teachers share the same experiences of this emotionally draining job.

v You'll find support from unexpected people

v There is a moments in the class will be one of the most memorable experience.

v Many students may claim that the lessons are boring, but for you teaching will never be boring

v Your students learn stuff, obviously.

v You learn stuff.

v Could be a legitimate bookworm.

v Become teacher gives you the chance to collaborate with all kinds of people to connect and create more opportunities.

v Teaching can get you health insurance and a pension pretty much guaranteed.

v You can build your skills and innovate new ways to teach.

v The job market is both flexible and permanent.

v The best reward most teachers agree on is when they found those students who really love to learn. The ones who have passion for a subject and a work ethic to accompany it. Help them and give them the best opportunities to grow.

v Years later, you might get a blast from the past when your ex-student sent a thank you card or a picture of them making it big in their lives.

E. What Makes a Good Teacher?

As learners must reflect what your teachers give you. Teachers are not perfect, will make mistakes, and occasionally exercise poor judgment.There are times that you’re simply overwhelmed, lose focus, or cannot remember why you chose to stay committed to this profession. These things are human nature.

As teachers, your words and actions are powerful. You have the power to transform, but also the power to tear apart. Be professional by choosing your words carefully. Teachers have an awesome responsibility that should never be taken lightly. The words you use (as well as the ones you omit) can actually impact the intellectual abilities of your students.

Every kid is different and these differences should be embraced. If all kids were the same our jobs would be boring. Therefore:

Do not yell at or call a student in front of their peers. If you expect them to respect you, you must respect them too.
Don’t claim that a student“will never be able to do that.”Encourage your students, don’t discourage them, even if their dreams may sound lofty or impossible. No teachers should crush any student’s dreams.
Don’t accuse a student is“just lazy.” When students are repeatedly told that they are lazy, it becomes a part of who they are.
Telling them “That’s a stupid question!” is a big No. Always address their curiosity (appropriately).
Don’t dismissively say “I’ve already gone over that. You should have been listening.” Each student understands differently and your job is to make sure everyone understands.
Honestly, never say “I don’t care if my students like me.”Teaching is often more about relationships than it is about teaching itself. You can accomplish so much more when students like you genuinely.
Please, do not gossip about another teacher with a parent, student, or another teacher.
Always strive to improve and become better.

Other things that a professional teacher should not commit might be:

🗶 Being afraid to apologize or admit when you make a mistake

🗶 Treating students differently based on personal interests

🗶 Ignoring a student

🗶 Creating unfair rules

🗶 Misusing your authority

🗶 Having a negative attitude on a consistent basis

🗶 Never giving control over to your students

🗶 Being hypocritical

🗶 Using profanity (swear/curse words)

🗶 Violating a student’s personal space

🗶 Giving vindictive or counterproductive threats

🗶 Holding things against a student that is beyond their control, such as a grudge on their mother or father who was an alumni and had been a bad student or such reasons

Here are several things that an awesome teacher should do:

Have a positive attitude. In fact, be funny
Be consistent.
Be fair.
Give students control. Give them options.
Be flexible, else both you and your students wouldkeep failing because of your unwillingness to adapt.
As new teachers you might want to be all friendly and not stern, but teachers must assert authority so classroom would run smoothly throughout the semester.
Know your resources. Where’s the school’s list of rules? The library? The office to send an injured kid? Get information of these in advance.
Be specific.
Notice how kids learn, react, and interact in different ways—Be creative.
Get to know what makes them tick (what motivates them personally), like a certain subject, a favorite activity, or an incomprehensible obsession with a fandom.

F. F. The Status Quo of Education in Indonesia

The proportion of school levels in Indonesia is very uneven. There are too many primary schools and too few secondary and high schools, so it cannot be denied that in Indonesia the very large number of children only stops at the primary level, which causes an increase in the number of youth unemployed. Indonesia has been aware of some of the issues related to this since 2000 and has implemented major policy reforms to improve education such as:

1. The constitutional mandate to spend 20% of the national budget on education. However, since the national budget is 15% of GDP, Indonesia's spending on education is only 3% of GDP, one of the lowest in the region. Upgrading is necessary because if you think education is expensive, you should try the cost of ignorance.

2. Decentralization of education sector functions to district and school levels.

3. The Teacher Law, 2005.

4. Increasing resources to schools with the School Operational Assistance (BOS) program.

5. Support for parents to enroll their children in school through the Smart Indonesia Program (Indonesia Smart Program, or PIP).

G G. To Teach or Not to Teach?

The Internet, books, all those resources are simply tools that store knowledge for children to reach. But they neither know how to reach for them yet nor the best way to grasp them. Education is no longer as monotonous as it used to be when primary education started to become compulsory all over the world sometime after 1775, but it still has challenges from so many different factors because while your job title is ‘teacher’ you have to do more than just ‘teach’. You have administration duties, you have to manage things beyond lessons, and beyond teaching you also have to learn just like your students. A good teacher expects their students to succeed and also expect themselves to succeed.

CHAPTER II

TEACHING ELEMENT

A. Instructional Planning

Teachers have to organize their lesson plans by considering the curriculum, school resources, student motivation, student ability and other variables that will affect all instructional decisions teachers must decide before they actually teach. Teaching is a personal endeavor, so you must plan on how you will run your class.

Today's lesson planning is based on cognitive psychology, and at its core is teacher thinking and teacher knowledge, which is how you think and what you know. These two different factors are interdependent because the way teachers think depends on what they know.

B. Your Topic: Curriculum and Syllabus

The lesson topics you will teach is typically already determined by the school curriculum, which is a set of standardized learning goals across grades. A curriculum is the guideline of the course/program, covering the knowledge, skill, behavior, and performancethat will be taught to and expected of students. It is well-planned by the government and educational institutions for a long duration. Teachers do not make the curriculum, but adhere to its objectives.

A curriculum contains all factors involved in an educational program, and one of it is called a syllabus, which covers the portion of what topics should be taught in a subject or content area.Subject syllabus is a unit of the curriculum containing 7 primary segments: instructor data, general class data, course targets, course arrangements, grading and assessment, learning assets, and the course calendar. The table below details the differences between curriculum and syllabus.

C. Your Learning Objective: Taxonomy and Task Analysis

Teachers a will be responsible to determine the goals of your classes. Specifying learning objectives is commonly difficult because schools generally have a broad spectrum of goals and individual teachers prioritize different things.

One topic could have dozens of goals, so make it easier to select them, teachers can use two conceptual tools: taxonomy and task analysis.

Taxonomy

This tool divides the broad selection of objectives into 3 domains:

a. Cognitive Domain

This domain consists of objectives concerned with obtaining knowledge, understanding, and skill, such as teacher B’s goal.

b. Affective Domain

The aim of this domain is to realize that schools do not exist just to make students smarter as teachers say.

c. Psychomotor Domain

The purpose of this domain is to involve the development of coordination and physical skills. Physical activity is not limited to physical education, but can also include typing, music, home economics, arts and crafts.

2. Task Analysis

After you determine the learning objectives, you must know what to do so that students can achieve the learning objectives. Task analysis helps you break down complex skills into smaller sub-skills, which will make it easier for you to teach students. In this task analysis, the teacher must first make students understand the material, then help them how to apply it, and finally ask them to do it themselves.

D. Your Learning Activities: Lesson Plan

Lesson plans focus your efforts on a specific day and class, so it is commonly personalized for each teacher. It needs to be specific enough to give you structure and a solid idea on how you will proceed with your class, but also general enough to give you room to be flexible and adapt to unexpected circumstances (e.g., interruption by other teachers, unruly students, malfunctioning technology facility, students taking too long to finish their assignment).

There are some types of assignments you can choose for the class activity:

v Whole-class; you lecture the class as a whole and have them all participate in discussion.

v Small groups; you have students to work on assignments in groups.

v Workshops; you get students to perform various tasks simultaneously.

v Independent work; you ask studentsto complete their assignments individually.

v Peer learning; you ask them to work together and learn from one another.

v Contractual work; both you and your studentscome to an agreement of what kind of assignments students should do and what their deadline will be.

E. Your Evaluation: Assessment

As students, you have to participate in quizzes, do your exercises, and submit your home assignments. Now, as teachers, you are the one who will prepare and create them. Though in recent years, you may even ask your students to create their own questions and answer them on their own so the students can provoke their own knowledge.

Your quiz, assignment, and test cannot simply require students to be able to correctly answer a question or command, Both your activities and assessments have to logically connected to your learning objectives.

How do you make your teaching elements align?

Step 1 : Develop learning objectives

Step 2 : Identify how you would assess if students reached the learning objectives

Step 3 : Design the way you would teach the material so students can reach the learning objectives

Cari Blog Ini

Argumentative Writing

Summary of Teaching Profession and Teaching Element